| 北京市门头沟区4775例患者吸入过敏原分布情况分析 |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-17 修订日期：2024-11-05 点此下载全文 |
| 引用本文：石金凤,李丽莎,关凯,陈亮,杨冬明,刘敏,化静,张建红,高盼.北京市门头沟区4775例患者吸入过敏原分布情况分析[J].医学研究杂志,2025,54(4):58-63 |
| DOI：
10.11969/j.issn.1673-548X.2025.04.012 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(面上项目)(82070033) |
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| 中文摘要:目的 分析北京市门头沟区呼吸道过敏性疾病常见吸入过敏原致敏谱,明确国产皮内试验试剂的安全性。方法选取2018年1月～2021年10月就诊于北京京煤集团总医院呼吸与危重症医学科的慢性气道炎症性疾病可疑或确诊支气管哮喘或过敏性鼻炎合并支气管哮喘的患者,采用19种吸入过敏原试剂进行皮内试验；比较年龄、性别和过敏原分布的趋势,并观察国产皮内试验试剂的安全性。结果 最终纳入患者4775例,过敏原皮内试验阳性率为52%(2483/4775)；吸入性过敏原阳性率前5位是室内尘土29.78%(1422/4775)、夏秋花粉Ⅰ 28.06%(1340/4775)、尘螨23.54%(1124/4775)、地肤20.52%(980/4775)和春季花粉Ⅱ 18.03%(861/4775)；过敏原皮内试验阳性率随着年龄的增长而降低,且呼吸道过敏性疾病患者常为多重致敏。新型冠状病毒感染前后对比,经过科学防护后过敏原阳性率明显下降。所有进行过敏原检测的患者中有7例出现不良事件,不良反应严重程度均为Ⅰ级。结论 北京市门头沟区常见吸入过敏原以室内尘土、花粉、尘螨为主,2018～2021年主要过敏原无明显改变。经过科学防护可以有效降低过敏性疾病的发生率。国产皮内试验试剂安全性高,可应用于临床。 |
| 中文关键词:吸入过敏原 皮内试验 过敏原分布 |
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| Analysis of Allergen Distribution in 4775Patients in Mentougou District of Beijing. |
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| Abstract:Objective To analyze the sensitization spectrum of common inhaled allergens for respiratory allergic diseases in Mentougou district of Beijing, and explore the safety of domestic intradermal test reagents. Methods A total of 19 kinds of inhaled allergen reagents were used to conduct intradermal test in patients with suspected or definite respiratory allergic diseases (bronchial asthma or allergic rhinitis with bronchial asthma) who visited Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Jingmei Group General Hospital from January 2018 to October 2021. The trends of age, gender and distribution of allergens were compared, and the safety of domestic intradermal test reagents were observed. Results A total of 4775 patients were conducted, the positive rate of intradermal test was 52% (2483/4775); the top 5 inhaled allergen positive rates were indoor dust with 29.78% (1422/4775), summer and autumn pollen Ⅰ with 28.06% (1340/4775), dust mite with 23.54% (1124/4775), kochia scoparia with 20.52% (980/4775), spring pollen Ⅱ with 18.03% (861/4775). The positive rate of intradermal test decreased with the increase of age. Patients with respiratory allergic diseases often combined a variety of substances allergy. Before and after COVID-19 infection, the positive rate of allergens decreased significantly after scientific protection. Adverse effect was observed in 7 patients, the severity of the adverse reaction was all level Ⅰ. ConclusionThe inhaled allergens are mainly dust, pollen and dust mite. The main allergens have not changed significantly from 2018 to 2021. Scientific protection can effectively reduce the incidence of allergic diseases. Domestic intradermal reagents has high safety and can serve the clinic well. |
| keywords:Inhaled allergen Intradermal test Distribution of allergen |
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